Beddelka amalgamWaxyaabaha lagu beddeli karo amalgam waxaa ka mid ah cusbada isku dhafan, ionomer dhalo ah, galaas, iyo dahab, iyo xulashooyin kale. Macaamiisha badankood waxay doortaan buuxinta tooska ah ee isku dhafan sababtoo ah midabaynta cad waxay u dhigantaa iligga si ka sii fiican qiimaha ayaa loo arkaa mid dhexdhexaad ah.

Waagii hore, dood guud oo ka dhan ah buuxinta isku dhafka ayaa ahayd inaysan u adkaysan karin sida amalgam. Si kastaba ha noqotee, daraasadihii ugu dambeeyay ayaa beeniyay sheegashadan. Baarayaasha daraasad lagu daabacay 2016 oo lagu sameeyay in ka badan 76,000 bukaan ah muddo toban sano ah ayaa lagu ogaaday in buuxinta amalgam-ka ay ka sarreeyaan heerka guuldarrada sanadlaha ah marka loo eego isku-darka.1Laba daraasadood oo kala duwan oo la daabacay 2013 ayaa lagu ogaaday in buuxinta isku dhafan ee la sameeyay iyo sidoo kale isku-dhafka marka la barbardhigo heerarka fashilka2iyo heerarka buuxinta beddelka.3Cilmi-baaris kale ayaa bixisay natiijooyin isku mid ah: daraasad lagu daabacay 2015 ayaa lagu diiwaangeliyey "waxqabadka wanaagsan ee daaweynta" ee miraha isku dhafan ee qiimeynta 30-sano,4Falanqeyn meta ah oo la daabacay 2014 ayaa lagu xusay "badbaado wanaagsan" ee dib u soo celinta isukeenista cusbada dambe,5Daraasad la daabacay 2012 waxay muujisay noocyo ka mid ah walxaha isku dhafan oo soconaya illaa inta la isku daro,6iyo daraasad la daabacay 2011 ayaa lagu ogaaday "waxqabadka wanaagsan ee daaweynta" ee isku dhafan muddo 22 sano ah.7

Waxyaabaha isku darka ah ayaa sidoo kale la dhaleeceeyay sababta oo ah qaar iyaga ka mid ah ayaa ku jira maadada muranka dhalisay ee bisphenol-A (BPA). Dhakhaatiirta ilkaha waxay leeyihiin fikrado kala duwan oo ku saabsan badbaadada BPA iyo noocyada kale ee bisphenol, sida Bis-GMA iyo Bis-DMA. Sidoo kale waxaa jiray walaac ku saabsan ionomers-ka dhalooyinka, oo dhammaantood ay ku jiraan foloraydh.

Bukaannada ka walwalsan maaddooyinka ku jira qalabkooda ilkaha badanaa waxay doortaan inay kala hadlaan dhakhaatiirtooda ilkaha wixii ku saabsan isticmaalka walax aan ku jirin maaddooyinka qaarkood. Tusaale ahaan, shey loogu magac daray Admira Fusion8/Admira Fusion X-tra9oo la sii daayay bishii Janaayo 2016 shirkadda ilkaha ee VOCO ayaa lagu soo waramayaa inay tahay dhoobada dhoobada10iyo inaan lagu darin Bis-GMA ama BPA kahor ama kadib marka la daaweeyo.

Ikhtiyaar kale oo loogu talagalay bukaanka ilkaha ee ka welwelsan nooca kale ee meerkuri-ka-beddelka ah ee loo isticmaali karo qalab ahaan buuxinta ayaa ah inay sameeyaan baaritaankooda iyo / ama qaataan baaritaanka ilkaha isku xirnaanshaha ilkaha. Haddii baaritaanka bayoolojiga la isticmaalo, muunadda dhiigga bukaanka waxaa loo dirayaa shaybaar halkaas oo lagu baarayo serum-ka si loo helo joogitaanka IgG iyo IgM ee ka-hortagga walxaha kiimikada ee loo isticmaalo alaabta ilkaha.11 Bukaanka ayaa markaa la siiyaa liis faahfaahsan oo ka mid ah noocyada magaca ilkaha ee magaca ilkuhu u badbaado u yahay isticmaalkooda iyo kuwa ka dhalan kara falcelin Laba tusaale oo sheybaarrada bixiya adeeggan hadda waa Shaybaarada Biocomp12iyo ELISA / ACT Biotechnologies13

Sidoo kale, marka la eego xasaasiyadda ilkaha, Dr. Stejskal wuxuu soo bandhigay Imtixaanka MELISA 1994. Kani waa nooc wax laga badalay oo ah (Lymphocyte Transformation Test) LLT oo loogu talagalay in lagu baaro nooca xasaasiga ah ee birta nooca IV dib u dhaca xasaasiyadda biraha, oo ay ku jiraan xasaasiyadda meerkuriga.14

Waxa intaa dheer in la tixgeliyo waxyaabaha loo isticmaalayo buuxinta ilkaha, waxaa lagama maarmaan ah in bukaanka ilkaha iyo xirfadlayaashu ay yaqaanaan iyo isticmaal tallaabooyinka badbaadada markaad ka saareyso buuxinta ilkaha amalgam meerkurida.

tixraacyada

1. Laske Mark, Opdam Niek JM, Bronkhorst Ewald M, Braspenning Joze CC, Huysmans Marie-Charlotte DNJM Cimri dherer ah dib u soo celinta tooska ah ee dhaqanka ilkaha Dutch. Daraasad qeexan oo ka baxsan shabakad cilmi baaris ku saleysan. Joornaalka Ilkaha. 2016. Abstract laga heli karaa: http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jdent.2016.01.002. La helay Janaayo 12, 2016.

2. McCracken MS, Gordan VV, Litaker MS, Funkhouser E, Fellows JL, Shamp DG, Qvist V, Meral JS, Gilbert GH. Qiimeyn 24-bilood ah oo ku saabsan isu-soo-ururinta iyo dib-u-soo-celinta isku-dhafan ee ku saleysan cusbooneysiinta: Natiijooyinka ka soo baxa Shabakadda Cilmi-baarista Ku-saleysan Ilkaha ee Ilkaha. Joornaalka Ururka Ilkaha ee Mareykanka. 2013; 144 (6): 583-93. Waxaa laga heli karaa: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3694730/. La helay Diseembar 17, 2015.

3. Laccabue M, Ahlf RL, Simecek JW. Soo noqnoqoshada beddelka soo celinta ilkaha dambe ee shaqaalaha Navy US iyo Marine Corps. Ilkaha hawlgalka. 2014; 39 (1): 43-9. Soo-gaabis waxaa laga heli karaa: http://www.jopdentonline.org/doi/abs/10.2341/12-406-C. La helay Diseembar 17, 2015.

4. Pallesen U, van Dijken JW. Sano 30 sano ah oo la kala soocay oo la kala soocay ayaa lala socday seddex nooc oo isku mid ah cusbi oo dib loogu soo celinayo Fasalka II. Qalabka Ilkaha. 2015; 31 (10): 1232-44. Soo-gaabis waxaa laga heli karaa: http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0109564115003607. La helay Diseembar 17, 2015.

5. Opdam NJ, van de Sande FH, Bronkhorst E, Cenci MS, Bottenberg P, Pallesen U, Gaengler P, Lindberg A, Huysmans MC, van Dijken JW. Cimri dherer dib-u-dhiska isku-dhafan ee dambe: Dib-u-eegis habeysan iyo falanqeyn ku saabsan Meta. Joornaalka Cilmi-baarista Ilkaha. 2014; 93 (10): 943-9. Waxaa laga heli karaa: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4293707/. La helay Janaayo 18, 2016.

6. Heintze SD, Rousson V. Waxtarka caafimaad ee dib u soo celinta heerka labaad ee tooska ah-falanqaynta maadada. J Adhes Ilkaha. 2012; 14 (5): 407-31. Waxaa laga heli karaa: http://www.osteocom.net/osteocom/modules/Friend/images/heintze_13062.pdf. La helay Diseembar 17, 2015.

7. Rodolpho PAD, Donassollo TA, Cenci MS, Loguércio AD, Moraes RR, Bronkhorst EM, Opdam NJ, Demarco FF. Qiimaynta bukaan-socodka ee 22-sano ee waxqabadka laba isku-dhafan oo dambe oo leh astaamo kala duwan. Qalabka Ilkaha. 2011; 27 (10): 955-63. Waxaa laga heli karaa: https://www.researchgate.net/profile/Rafael_Moraes6/publication/51496272.pdf. La helay Janaayo 18, 2016.

8. Ka eeg Admira Fusion bogga VOCO ee http://www.voco.com/us/product/admira_fusion/index.html. La helay Janaayo 18, 2016.

9. Ka eeg Admira Fusion X-tra barta internetka ee VOCO http://www.voco.com/us/product/admira_fusion_xtra/index.html. La helay Janaayo 18, 2016

10. Ka eeg Admira / Admira Fusion X-tra News bogga VOCO ee http://www.voco.com/en/company/news/Admira_Fusion-Admira_Fusion_x-tra/index.html. La helay Janaayo 18, 2016.

11. Koral S. Tilmaam wax ku ool ah oo loogu talagalay baaritaanka iswaafajinta ee qalabka ilkaha. 2015. Waxaa laga heli karaa websaydhka IAOMT.  https://iaomt.wpengine.com/practical-guide-compatibility-testing-dental-materials/. La helay Diseembar 17, 2015.

12. Websaytka Biocomp Laboratories waa https://biocomplabs.com/

13. ELISA/ACT Biotechnologies https://www.elisaact.com/.

14. Stejskal VD, Cederbrant K, Lindvall A, Forsbeck M. MELISA - waa aaladda loo yaqaan 'in vitro tool' ee lagu barto xasaasiyadda birta. Sunta cilmiga sunta. 1994; 8 (5): 991-1000. Waxaa laga heli karaa: http://www.melisa.org/pdf/MELISA-1994.pdf. La helay Diseembar 17, 2015.

Shabakada MELISA waa  http://www.melisa.org/.

Ilkaha ku jira candhuufta iyo buuxinta midabbada qalinka ah ee loo yaqaan "amalgam" oo ka kooban meerkuri
Khatarta Ilkaha ee Amalgam: Buuxinta meerkurida iyo caafimaadka dadka

Khatarta iskudhafka ilkaha ayaa jirta sababtoo ah buuxinta meerkurida waxay laxiriiraa dhowr haliso caafimaad oo bina aadam ah.

Khatarta Ilkaha ee Amalgam: Buuxinta meerkurida iyo caafimaadka dadka
Farsamada Nidaamka Ka Hortagga Meerkuriga Amaalku (SMART)

Baro wax ku saabsan talaabooyinka la qaadi karo si loo ilaaliyo bukaanka, dhakhaatiirta ilkaha, iyo bay'ada inta lagu jiro ka saarida ilkaha amalgam meerkuriga.

Farsamada Farsamada ee Meerkurida Ambalaaska Amalgam
warqad booska iaomt amalgam
Qoraalka Mawqifka IAOMT ee ka dhanka ah Dental Mercury Amalgam

Dukumintigan oo dhammaystiran waxaa ku jira buug-gacmeed ballaadhan oo ku saabsan mawduuca meerkuriga ilkaha oo ah qaab ka badan 900 oo xigashooyin.

Qoraalka Mawqifka IAOMT ee ka dhanka ah Dental Mercury Amalgam